Difference between revisions of "HOWTO: Install from an existing Linux system"

Revision as of 19:28, 5 February 2013

Overview

This HOWTO brings the gentoo installation method (as in the Handbook) to Sabayon.

Please note that "an existing Linux system" can be either an installed system (then you cannot use that partition for sabayon) or just a livecd.

I would recommend using the official Gentoo livecd if you're going that way.

   <You>  | But then, why bother doing this instead of just burn a Sabayon install media?
   <Me> | For the fun.
   <You>  | Fair enough :)

The first part is about installing a very basic gentoo system in a chrooted partition; in the second part we will use portage to install entropy and equo. Finally we will use equo to install a full sabayon system in the third and last part.

Part 1: Gentoo install

Please refer to http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/gentoo-x86-quickinstall.xml and http://www.gentoo.org/doc/en/handbook/index.xml for more in-depth details about gentoo installation.

Partitioning

Do your thing and partition your disk(s). You need at least a root partition (/).

Create filesystems for your partitions according to your likings. Remember that you will need to install the *progs packages for your filesystem(s).

From now on we will assume that your root filesystem is mounted under /mnt/sabayon.

Also if you have a /var, /boot, /usr, /home ... filesystems, create the mountpoints relative to /mnt/sabayon and mount them now.

Get Gentoo installation files

We will assume an x86_64 architecture here. If you're on x86 (32 bits), change "amd64" with "x86".

   export ARCH="amd64"

Pick up a mirror near you from this list: http://www.gentoo.org/main/en/mirrors.xml

   export MIRROR="ftp://distfiles.gentoo.org/pub/gentoo"

We will refer to your arch as $ARCH and to your chosen mirror as $MIRROR from now on.

Download and verify stage3 archive

   wget -r $MIRROR/releases/$ARCH/current-stage3/
   cat stage3-$ARCH-*.tar.bz2.DIGESTS && md5sum stage3-$ARCH-*.tar.bz2 && sha1sum stage3-$ARCH-*.tar.bz2

Download and verify portage snapshot

   wget $MIRROR/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2
   wget $MIRROR/snapshots/portage-latest.tar.bz2.md5sum
   cat portage-latest.tar.bz2.DIGESTS && md5sum portage-latest.tar.bz2 && sha1sum portage-latest.tar.bz2

Unpack stage3 and portage

   tar xfpj stage3-$ARCH-*.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/sabayon
   tar xfpj portage-latest.tar.bz2 -C /mnt/sabayon/usr

Note the p option: it's for preserving file permissions and it's very important!

Chroot into your new Gentoo

Everything that follows is done while in /mnt/sabayon:

   cd /mnt/sabayon

Mounting filesystems

   mount -o bind /dev ./dev
   mount -t devpts none ./dev/pts
   mount -t tmpfs none ./dev/shm
   mount -t proc none ./proc
   mount -t sysfs none ./sys

Copying /etc/resolv.conf

   cp /etc/resolv.conf ./etc

Chroot!

   chroot /mnt/sabayon /bin/bash

Now you are on your Gentoo chroot!

Configure environnment

   export LANG=en_US
   export LANGUAGE=${LANG}
   export LC_ALL=${LANG}.UTF-8
   env-update
   eselect python set 1    #sets python 2.7 as default
   source /etc/profile

Some early configuration

Set up a root password

As I regulary forget to setup the root password, let's do that as first thing:

   passwd

Timezone

   cd /etc/
   ln -sf ../usr/share/zoneinfo/<REGION>/<City> localtime

Where <REGION> is your region and <City> the nearest big city.

Hostname

Don't be lame and change "localhost" to something else. Update /etc/hosts accordingly.

   nano -w /etc/conf.d/hostname
   nano -w /etc/hosts

Mount points

   nano -w /etc/fstab

Part 2: Sabayon overlay setup and installation of entropy+equo

Layman

layman is a gentoo tool to manage portage overlays. We will use it to get our hands on the sabayon overlay. Update: entropy and equo are in regular portage, so you can skip this step.

  # emerge --sync                # make sure portage is fully up to date... or not. Up to you. portage snapshots are done daily, i see no need to sync.
  # USE="git" emerge -avt layman # now equo is in regular portage!
  # layman -a sabayon            # see above

Entropy and Equo

  emerge -avt equo --autounmask-write
  etc-update
  emerge -avt equo

Now we have entropy and equo installed. To make use of it, we should first generate the entropy database (only the very first time!):

   equo rescue generate

Yes, you are sure about this. You should answer yes three times to make it happy.

Perfect. Now we need to setup sabayon repositories:

   cd /etc/entropy/repositories.conf.d
   cp entropy_sabayonlinux.org.example entropy_sabayonlinux.org
   cd -

Let's use equo to populate the repo db:

   equo update
   equo repo mirrorsort sabayonlinux.org

We're set! equo is now in a working state!

Entropy: the missing bits

When you install entropy you'll miss some vital portage bits, namely the /etc/portage/* files used to build the sabayon packages.

Hopefully you can find those here: https://git.sabayon.org/build.git/

Let's make use of them!

   # fetch the bits!
   cd /opt
   git clone git://git.sabayon.org/projects/build.git sabayon-build
   cd /opt/sabayon-build/conf/intel/portage
   # keep your specific stuff in "myconf" branch:
   git checkout -b myconf
   # symlink to your <arch>:
   ln -sf make.conf.amd64 make.conf
   ln -sf package.env.amd64 package.env
   # add & commit
   git add make.conf package.env
   git config --global user.name "Your Name"
   git config --global user.email "your@email"
   git commit
   # rename the gentoo /etc/make.conf and /etc/portage/:
   cd /etc/
   mv portage portage-gentoo
   mv make.conf make.conf-gentoo
   # symlink to sabayon /etc/make.conf /etc/portage/:
   ln -sf /opt/sabayon-build/conf/intel/portage portage

Of course, change make.conf.amd64 and package.env.amd64 to make.conf.x86 and package.env.x86 if you are not on x86_64.

If you want to change some USE flags on certain packages you should:

• update your /etc/portage/package.use
• mask the package in /etc/entropy/packages/package.mask

so that emerge will use your specified USE flags and entropy will not handle the specified package again.

i.e. you want ruby support for app-editors/vim:

   cd /etc/portage
   sed -i package.use -e "s,app-editors/vim vim-pager,app-editors/vim vim-pager ruby" # or just use VIM!
   git add package.use
   git commit -m "app-editors/vim +ruby"
   cd /etc/entropy/packages
   echo "app-editors/vim" >> package.mask

Part 3: Finish installation using equo

eix

To make your life easier, let's install eix (a tool for portage searching) and also the sabayon-distribution overlay (i.e. the entropy packages as a portage overlay):

   equo install eix
   layman -a sabayon-distro
   cd /etc/portage
   echo "source /var/lib/layman/make.conf" >> make.conf
   git commit -m "source layman/make.conf in /etc/make.conf"
   eix-sync

Now you can use eix to quickly search for installed/installable/upgradable packages and see their versions and use flags.

Filesystem progs

From gentoo quickinstall, code listing 2.27:

   equo install xfsprogs # (if you use the XFS file system)
   equo install jfsutils # (if you use the JFS file system)

Network stuff

   equo install dhcpcd         # (if you need a DHCP client)
   equo install ppp            # (if you need PPPoE ADSL connectivity)
   equo install wireless-tools # (if you need wireless connectivity)
   equo install wpa_supplicant # (if you need WPA/WPA2 authentication)
   equo install wicd           # (if you do like wicd)

Kernel & bootloader

   equo install linux-sabayon
   equo install grub
   nano -w /boot/grub/menu.lst # setup grub

System logger and Cron daemon

   equo install syslog-ng vixie-cron
   rc-update add syslog-ng default
   rc-update add vixie-cron default

This is just a suggestion: please go for the system logger and cron daemon of your choice!

Everything else

Install any other packages you want using equo:

   equo install <whatever>

For example, if you want KDE, the base packages needed can be installed with equo install kdebase-meta

Exit & cleanup

Exit the chroot

   exit

Unmount filesystems

   cd /mnt/sabayon
   umount ./sys
   umount ./proc
   umount ./dev/shm
   umount ./dev/pts
   umount ./dev

Unmount any other filesystem inside /mnt/sabayon.

Then unmount the root filesystem of your new sabayon system:

   umount /mnt/sabayon

Reboot

You are now ready to reboot (well, you were ready since the "setup grub" step, actually)

   reboot

Enjoy your new shiny Sabayon system installed like it should be! (please forgive the troll in me)